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Understanding Taxes & Deductions in Germany
Germany has a progressive income tax system with rates ranging from 14% to 45%. The tax-free allowance (Grundfreibetrag) is β¬11,604 for 2025.
In addition to income tax, employees pay several social insurance contributions: health insurance (7.3%), pension insurance (9.3%), unemployment insurance (1.2%), and long-term care insurance (1.75%). These are capped at an income of β¬87,600.
There's also a solidarity surcharge of 5.5% on income tax, which was introduced to help fund German reunification costs.
Last Updated: January 1, 2025
Frequently Asked Questions
What are the income tax rates in Germany?
Germany uses progressive tax rates from 14% to 45%, depending on your income level and tax class.
What is the solidarity surcharge?
The solidarity surcharge is an additional 5.5% tax on your income tax, originally introduced to fund German reunification.
Are social insurance contributions capped?
Yes, social insurance contributions (health, pension, unemployment, long-term care) are capped at an annual income of β¬87,600.
Official Sources
Reviewed using official government publications